The Intelligent giving blog

Why do people give to charity?

Adam Rothwell - Thursday, October 2, 2008

A till Charity fundraisers are convinced they know the answer to this question. People give, they think, because they’re asked, because they feel guilty that they’re not giving, or – sometimes – because they want to make the world a better place, usually by supporting a cause close to their hearts.

But ask the same question of professional charity researchers, and they’ll give you an entirely different answer. In fact, they’ll probably say that there is no answer. Why do people give? “Search me,” they’ll say.

This difference of opinion was rammed home last night at the launch of the ESRC Research Centre for Charitable Giving and Philanthropy, at City University, London. In a packed lecture-theatre, the charity world’s philosophers gathered to stroke their beards and wonder why people would ever do something so odd as give away their cash.

There was consternation all round. How did tax incentives affect giving, the participants wondered? Were transparent and accountable charities any more popular than un-transparent ones? Was there any link between tax levels, government action, and amounts donated?

Nobody knew – which was, frankly, good news for those researchers about to be employed by the Centre. But I was more than a little surprised by this reaction. I spend a fair amount of time talking to professional fundraisers, and – without exception – each of them thinks they know what motivates people to give.

Both sides cannot be right. Either we do know why people give, or we don’t. So who’s wrong? Are fundraisers being myopic? Or should those academics climb down from their ivory towers, and spend some time raising cash instead?
 

 


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Submitted by Adam Rothwell on Mon, 13/10/2008 - 11:10am.

Yes. Or rather, the reading seemed to give a clear message - which was then flatly contradicted by the professions of ignorance at this Cass Business School event I went to. And that was what spooked me.

Adam, Intelligent Giving


Submitted by mikemuses on Mon, 13/10/2008 - 10:14am.

Adam

 There's a lot of literature out there on this subject - has your reading brought confusion rather than conclusion?


Submitted by Adam Rothwell on Mon, 13/10/2008 - 9:12am.

Phil Ant: I take your point, and I agree that working out why people give is remarkably complex. However, I disagree with you when you say it's not worth analyzing these motivations. If we do find out what motivates people to give, then there's a chance that they can be persuaded to give more, and more effectively - and I think that's something it's worth trying extremely hard to encourage.

Adam, Intelligent Giving

 


Submitted by Phil Ant Ropey (not verified) on Sun, 12/10/2008 - 9:13pm.

" Both sides cannot be right. Either we do know why people give, or we don’t. So who’s wrong?"

I'm not sure if this is an affective first statement, or following question. The complexities of charitable giving surely constitute more than this (somewhat) simple breakdown; don't they?

Motivation to 'give' could be representaive of many other things about an individual - or, indeed company. Tax 'breaks'; feelings of self worth, 'do gooding', reward, compassion,presentation, guilt, pride, social conscience,humility, grandeur...could all be reasons. They are not right or wrong - they are just what they are. The important thing is that people do give; at all. A point, perhaps, to be accepted rather than analysed.


Submitted by Jonathan Waddingham (not verified) on Thu, 02/10/2008 - 10:59am.

Of course, I meant to say that giving was more of an anthropological question, not an anthropomorphic one. Clearly it's not like some sort of animal. D'oh!


Submitted by Jonathan Waddingham (not verified) on Thu, 02/10/2008 - 10:17am.

Steve, Adam, I'd agree with you both there too, and add *people* to the list too.

From the perspective of Justgiving, our site has been successful because of the premise that people give to people. When you are asked by someone you know to support a cause that you *know* is close to them, or important to them, you feel compelled to support them. But it is a whole mixture of emotions that drives that compulsion.
And I think it is the emotional nature of giving to charity that makes it a unique experience, and so hard to pin down the exact reasons and compulsions behind doing so - it's arguably more an anthropomorphic or psychological question for research than anything else.


Submitted by Adam Rothwell on Thu, 02/10/2008 - 9:22am.

I think you're right with your emphasis on empathy - yet discussion of the emotional reasons for giving was perhaps strangely absent at the shindig last night. Which frankly I found weird.

Adam, Intelligent Giving


Submitted by Steve Bridger (not verified) on Thu, 02/10/2008 - 8:42am.

Good question. I don't know the answer either, but guess it is a mixture of things like wanting to make a difference, ego, guilt, inspiration, impact, recognition, paternalism, meaning, values... and a biggie for me, EMPATHY.


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